Application Map

Application groups

Industrial sectors, component classes, process routes and test records for vacuum, plasma, coating and thermochemical work.

Aerospace / turbomachinery

Gas-turbine, compressor and high-load gas-path components

Components: Turbine blades, compressor blades, cooled GTE blade cavities, erosion-prone leading edges, high-temperature gas-path parts.
Routes: CVD / PECVD, PVD, multilayer protective coatings, corrosion- and erosion-resistant Avinit-type coating routes.
Checks: Coating architecture, cross-section, thickness distribution, interface state, thermal / erosion exposure and component geometry.

Power engineering

Thermal and nuclear power equipment components

Components: Turbine blades, steam / gas-path components, erosion-loaded parts, corrosion-loaded elements and high-temperature assemblies.
Routes: Protective coatings, erosion-resistant multilayers, corrosion-resistant routes, vacuum/plasma treatment and component-level surface review.
Checks: Exposure environment, coating section, interface, erosion / corrosion record, material state and service-temperature range.

Engine / transport machinery

Fuel equipment, pistons, plunger pairs and engine aggregates

Components: Plunger pairs, spherical plunger heads, injector needles, nozzle parts, pistons, engine aggregate components and sliding fuel-system parts.
Routes: Antifriction wear-resistant coatings, Mo-based / Ti-based nanolayer routes, Avinit C/P, low-temperature coating routes for precision surfaces.
Checks: Surface finish, coating thickness, adhesion, friction pair, medium, wear track, counterbody and dimensional constraint.

Hydraulics / precision mechanics

Spools, valves and precision sliding units

Components: Hydraulic spools, valves, precision sliding components, sealing / contact surfaces, polished parts and boundary-lubricated friction units.
Routes: Avinit C/P, antifriction coating systems, duplex support where needed, tribology-led route selection.
Checks: Clearance, roughness, coating section, adhesion, wear scar, lubricant or working fluid and contact geometry.

Tools / dies / machine elements

Cutting, forming and wear-loaded production hardware

Components: Cutting tools, forming tools, dies, moulds, machine elements, gears, separators and wear-loaded working edges.
Routes: PVD / vacuum-arc / magnetron coatings, carbide / nitride systems, plasma nitriding plus coating, duplex treatment.
Checks: Substrate hardness, edge state, coating cross-section, adhesion, hardness/load method, wear mode and operating temperature.

Oil & gas / valves

Corrosion-resistant valves, fittings and aggressive-media parts

Components: Shut-off fittings, valve parts, sealing surfaces, threaded connections, corrosion-loaded components and gas/liquid-exposed hardware.
Routes: Corrosion-resistant coatings, erosion/corrosion protective routes, CVD / PVD / PECVD coatings and material compatibility review.
Checks: Medium chemistry, temperature, pressure, coating section, corrosion / erosion exposure, sealing geometry and acceptance criterion.

Chemical process equipment

Vacuum-compatible process vessels, internal surfaces and pipes

Components: Capacitive equipment, pipes, inner surfaces, corrosion-loaded vessels, process internals and components exposed to aggressive chemistry.
Routes: CVD / PECVD coverage of complex geometry, corrosion-resistant coatings, vacuum/plasma surface routes and internal-surface coating review.
Checks: Internal geometry, L/d access, coating uniformity, medium exposure, roughness, coating section and leak / cleanliness record.

Pharmacy

Pharmaceutical process equipment and press-stamping tooling

Components: Press-stamping tools for tablets, process vessels, metal surfaces exposed to product or cleaning media, wear-loaded pharmaceutical tooling.
Routes: Wear-resistant coatings, corrosion-resistant coatings, low-temperature vacuum/plasma routes, surface finish preservation and cleanability-oriented review.
Checks: Surface roughness, coating continuity, wear record, corrosion / cleaning-medium exposure, material compatibility and process documentation.

Medicine / medical instruments

Medical tools and precision coated instrument parts

Components: Scalpel blades, removable medical blades, precision instrument surfaces and small wear/corrosion-loaded medical components.
Routes: Ion-plasma protective and strengthening coatings, low-temperature surface treatment, coating adhesion and edge-retention review.
Checks: Edge state, coating thickness, adhesion, surface cleanliness, corrosion exposure and functional wear record.

Powders / porous / filters

Metal-ceramic filters, powders and porous structures

Components: Metal-ceramic filter elements, powders, porous bodies, fibrous materials, loose materials and high-surface-area substrates.
Routes: CVD / PECVD coating, impregnation / infiltration, metallization of powders, vacuum processing and material compatibility review.
Checks: Porosity, coating penetration, mass change, flow resistance, microstructure, contamination record and functional test.

Microelectronics / optics

Optical, optoelectronic and electronic coating applications

Components: Optical / optoelectronic components, electronic coating substrates, semiconductor-related parts, barrier / conductive layers and high-purity surfaces.
Routes: CVD / PECVD, magnetron sputtering, high-purity coatings, barrier / conductive layers and contamination-sensitive vacuum review.
Checks: Purity, thickness uniformity, optical/electrical property, substrate state, contamination record and process atmosphere.

Vacuum equipment

Coating systems, furnaces and acceptance-critical vacuum units

Components: PVD / CVD chambers, coating units, vacuum furnaces, LPC / brazing / sintering equipment, gas systems and pumping groups.
Routes: Vacuum acceptance review, pump-down / pressure-rise assessment, leak / outgassing separation, supplier documentation review and FAT record analysis.
Checks: Pump-down curve, pressure-rise test, helium leak test, gas-flow stability, effective pumping estimate, raw FAT logs and acceptance matrix.

Thermochemical treatment

LPC, nitriding, carburizing and duplex surface routes

Components: Steel gears, shafts, sliding components, precision steel parts, tolerance-sensitive machine elements and load-bearing surfaces.
Routes: Low-pressure carburizing, plasma nitriding, nitrocarburizing, carbonitriding, duplex diffusion layer plus coating and low-temperature diffusion routes.
Checks: Carbon / nitrogen profile, hardness profile, compound layer check, microstructure, distortion record, thermal log and load geometry.

Space / EP / TVAC

Electric propulsion, cathodes and thermal-vacuum systems

Components: Cathode-neutralizers, HET / GIT test hardware, TVAC chambers, xenon gas-load tests, diagnostics and exposed thermal-control materials.
Routes: Cathode activation / ignition / emission-stability validation, xenon gas-load pressure review, diagnostic layout and contamination control.
Checks: I-V curves, fixed-point drift, restart cycles, gas/vacuum logs, effective pumping estimate, witness samples and post-test inspection.

Materials / AM / high-temperature

Advanced materials, additive manufacturing and high-temperature processing

Components: AM metal parts, sintered materials, refractory metals, ceramic / metal interfaces, vacuum-brazed or diffusion-bonded assemblies.
Routes: Vacuum heat treatment, vacuum brazing, sintering, degassing, diffusion bonding, surface finishing and coating compatibility review.
Checks: Thermal cycle, atmosphere/vacuum record, microstructure, interface quality, hardness / mechanical data and contamination record.

Industrial vacuum technologies

Industrial vacuum applications beyond coating systems

Components: Drying / degassing systems, impregnation units, casting / foundry vacuum systems, chemical vacuum processing, metrology and leak-detection setups.
Routes: Vacuum process review, gas-load / vapour-load estimate, leak detection, material compatibility, process repeatability and specification review.
Checks: Process pressure range, gas or vapour load, pumping path, material exposure, leak test, cycle repeatability and acceptance criteria.

Application decision matrix

Object / application	Technical path	Main uncertainty	First check	Route
Turbine blades / cooled GTE cavities	CVD / PECVD / multilayer protective coating	corrosion, erosion, internal-cavity coverage, interface failure	coating section, thickness map, thermal / erosion record	Avinit Technical Depth
Thermal / nuclear power turbine parts	erosion- and corrosion-resistant protective coating route	steam/gas-path attack, coating cracking, interface degradation	exposure environment, coating section, service-temperature range	Avinit Technical Depth
Fuel equipment / plunger pairs / injector parts	Mo-based or Ti-based antifriction coating route	seizure, adhesive wear, coating loss, roughness shift	surface finish, coating section, wear track, working medium	Applications
Hydraulic spools / precision valves	Avinit C/P and low-temperature coating route	clearance loss, boundary-lubrication failure, coating delamination	clearance, roughness, coating thickness, tribology record	Applications
Cutting tools / forming tools / dies	PVD / vacuum-arc / magnetron coating and duplex support	edge chipping, abrasive wear, adhesion failure	substrate hardness, edge state, coating cross-section, wear mode	Technical Red Flags
Oil & gas valves / shut-off fittings	corrosion-resistant and erosion-resistant coating route	corrosion path, sealing surface damage, aggressive-media mismatch	medium chemistry, coating section, sealing geometry, exposure record	Materials For Vacuum Space Lpc
Chemical process vessels / pipes / internals	CVD / PECVD internal-surface and corrosion-protection review	nonuniform coverage, inaccessible geometry, leak or cleanliness issue	internal geometry, L/d access, coating uniformity, medium exposure	Vacuum Acceptance
Pharmaceutical press tooling / process surfaces	wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface route	wear, surface roughness shift, cleaning-medium incompatibility	roughness, coating section, wear record, material compatibility	Applications
Medical blades / coated instrument parts	ion-plasma protective coating and edge-retention review	edge damage, coating loss, corrosion exposure	edge state, coating thickness, adhesion, functional wear record	Applications
Metal-ceramic filters / porous bodies / powders	CVD / PECVD coating, impregnation or powder metallization	blocked porosity, uneven penetration, contamination	porosity, cross-section, mass change, flow resistance	Materials For Vacuum Space Lpc
Microelectronics / optics / high-purity surfaces	high-purity CVD / PECVD / magnetron coating review	contamination, nonuniform thickness, optical/electrical drift	thickness map, purity, optical/electrical measurement	Scientific Basis
Vacuum coating systems	pump-down, pressure-rise, leak/outgassing and process-gas review	unstable pressure, virtual leak, poor repeatability, missing FAT logs	pump-down curve, pressure-rise test, helium leak, gas-flow log	Vacuum Acceptance
Vacuum furnaces / LPC / brazing / sintering units	vacuum heat-treatment and quench / thermal-cycle validation	temperature nonuniformity, wrong quench response, gas-load issue	thermal log, pressure curve, load geometry, quench record	Lpc Validation Approach
Steel gears / shafts / machine elements	LPC, plasma nitriding, nitrocarburizing or duplex treatment	case-depth mismatch, distortion, shallow support layer	carbon / nitrogen profile, hardness profile, microstructure	Lpc Validation Approach
Cathode-neutralizers / EP test hardware	activation, ignition, emission-stability and restart review	single ignition without stability, poisoning, current drift	I-V curve, fixed-point drift, restart sequence, gas/vacuum log	Cathode Validation Approach
TVAC / xenon gas-load chambers	effective-pumping, diagnostic layout and contamination review	empty-chamber base pressure misread as operating readiness	gas-flow pressure, S_eff estimate, port map, witness sample	Thermal Vacuum Test Depth
AM / sintered / brazed assemblies	vacuum heat treatment, degassing, interface and material-state review	porosity, interface defect, outgassing, thermal-cycle mismatch	thermal cycle, microstructure, interface record, contamination data	Materials For Vacuum Space Lpc
Industrial vacuum process units	drying, degassing, impregnation, casting, chemical vacuum and leak-test review	wrong pressure range, vapour load, material incompatibility, leakage	pressure range, vapour/gas load, pumping path, leak record	Vacuum Acceptance
Optical glass melting environment	multicomponent coating behaviour in aggressive optical-glass-melting media	chemical degradation, coating dissolution, interface attack, thermal exposure	publication list, coating composition, exposure medium, post-exposure structure	Publications
Diffusion-controlled phase stability	numerical modelling of diffusion-controlled decomposition and thermal stability	phase redistribution, precipitate evolution, temperature/time stability boundary	model boundary, diffusion data, numerical result, publication list	Technical Models

Sector-to-technology links

Sector	Likely technology routes	Primary record
Power / turbomachinery	CVD / PECVD, PVD, multilayer protective coatings	coating section, exposure record, interface state
Transport / fuel equipment / hydraulics	Avinit C/P, Mo/Ti-based antifriction coatings, precision low-temperature routes	roughness, coating thickness, wear track
Tools / dies / machine elements	PVD, vacuum-arc, magnetron, plasma nitriding, duplex treatment	substrate hardness, coating section, adhesion / wear record
Oil & gas / chemical equipment	corrosion-resistant CVD / PVD / PECVD coatings, internal-surface routes	medium exposure, coating continuity, leak / cleanliness record
Pharmacy / medical	wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and protective ion-plasma coatings	surface finish, edge state, wear / corrosion exposure
Powders / filters / porous materials	CVD / PECVD coating, impregnation, powder metallization	porosity, penetration, flow resistance, contamination record
Microelectronics / optics	high-purity CVD / PECVD / magnetron coatings	thickness map, purity, optical/electrical property
Vacuum equipment / furnaces	acceptance review, pump-down, pressure-rise, leak / outgassing separation	pump-down curve, pressure-rise test, FAT logs
Space / EP / TVAC	cathode validation, xenon gas-load review, diagnostic layout, contamination control	I-V curve, gas/vacuum log, witness sample

Restored component and process map

Object / sector	Technology route	Technical uncertainty	First check
High-precision gears / full-size gears	Avinit vacuum-plasma technology, plasma nitriding, duplex treatment, coating route	distortion, tooth flank wear, support layer, adhesion	geometry record, hardness profile, coating section, wear/fatigue record
Gearbox separators and transmission components	Mo-C / W-C / antifriction coating route; PVD/CVD/hybrid route	friction, seizure, coating delamination, fatigue interaction	surface finish, coating architecture, counterbody, tribology record
Plunger pairs / fuel equipment / hydraulic spools	Mo/Ti-based coatings, Avinit C/P, precision low-temperature coating route	adhesive wear, roughness shift, clearance loss	roughness, coating thickness, wear track, working medium
Compressor blades and aircraft-engine components	erosion-resistant 2D nanocomposite coating, Avinit route, PVD/CVD/PECVD	edge erosion, coating crack, fatigue interaction	coating section, edge geometry, erosion record
Turbine blade internal cavities	CVD / PECVD / Cr-Al coating and internal-surface coverage review	nonuniform inner coverage, interface failure, access constraint	L/d geometry, coating distribution, cross-section, exposure record
Tools / dies / forming hardware	PVD, arc, magnetron, carbide/nitride, duplex support	edge chipping, abrasive wear, adhesion failure	substrate hardness, edge state, coating cross-section
Pharmaceutical press tooling	wear/corrosion-resistant coatings, low-temperature surface route	wear, product-contact surface degradation, cleaning-medium exposure	roughness, coating continuity, wear/corrosion record
Medical blades and instrument parts	ion-plasma strengthening/protective coatings	edge retention, corrosion, coating loss	edge state, coating thickness, adhesion, functional wear
Oil & gas valves / shut-off fittings	corrosion- and erosion-resistant coatings; internal-surface routes	aggressive medium, sealing surface damage, coating discontinuity	medium chemistry, coating section, sealing geometry
Chemical process vessels / pipes	CVD/PECVD internal coating, corrosion route, vacuum-compatible processing	inaccessible geometry, coverage nonuniformity, leak/cleanliness issue	internal geometry, coating uniformity, leak/cleanliness record
Metal-ceramic filters / powders / porous bodies	CVD/PECVD coating, impregnation, powder metallization	blocked porosity, uneven penetration, contamination	porosity, flow resistance, cross-section, mass change
SOFC / thin-film functional systems	thin-film materials, conductive/barrier/functional layers, vacuum/plasma deposition	wrong layer function, interface instability, contamination	layer stack, composition, interface and electrical/functional record
Microelectronics / optics	high-purity CVD/PECVD/magnetron coating route	contamination, thickness nonuniformity, optical/electrical drift	purity, thickness map, optical/electrical measurement
Black coatings / space materials	high-absorptivity coatings, outgassing/contamination and thermal exposure review	emissivity drift, contamination, thermal cycling degradation	optical property, vacuum/thermal exposure, witness samples
HET / electric-propulsion hardware	cathode-neutralizer validation, HET production/test infrastructure, plasma diagnostics	single ignition without stability, current drift, contamination	I-V curve, restart cycles, gas/vacuum log, spectrum/diagnostics
TVAC / xenon gas-load chamber	effective pumping, gas-load pressure, diagnostic geometry, contamination control	empty base pressure misread as operating pressure	gas-flow pressure, S_eff estimate, port map, witness sample
Vacuum furnaces / LPC / brazing / sintering	thermal-cycle, pressure, quench and load-geometry review	case-depth mismatch, temperature nonuniformity, interface defect	thermal log, pressure curve, profile, metallography
AM post-processing / advanced materials	vacuum heat treatment, degassing, surface finishing, coating compatibility	porosity, residual stress, interface defect, outgassing	thermal cycle, microstructure, mechanical/outgassing record

Boundary

Included: Power engineering, transport machinery, oil & gas, chemical process equipment, pharmaceutical tooling, medical instruments, microelectronics / optics, powders / filters, industrial vacuum equipment, thermochemical treatment, space-test infrastructure and component validation.
Excluded: Household vacuum devices, cleaning equipment, dental suction and non-industrial hygiene applications.
Closure: Measured record, acceptance criterion and project-specific decision.